JIT is a Japanese management philosophy which has been applied in practice since the early 1970s in many Japanese manufacturing organisations. Andon (trouble lights) - to signal problems to initiate corrective action.Jidoka (Autonomation) - providing machines with the autonomous capability to use judgement, so workers can do more useful things than standing watching them work.Kanbans - simple tools to `pull' products and components through the process.Levelled / mixed production - to smooth the flow of products through the factory.Multi-process handling - a multi-skilled workforce has greater productivity, flexibility and job satisfaction. Set-up time reduction - increases flexibility and allows smaller batches.Good housekeeping - workplace cleanliness and organisation.Preventative maintenance, Total productive maintenance - ensuring machinery and equipment functions perfectly when it is required, and continually improving it.Poka-yoke - `foolproof' tools, methods, jigs etc. Quality control at source - each worker is responsible for the quality of their own output.A product oriented layout - produces less time spent moving of materials and parts.Striving for simplicity - simpler systems may be easier to understand, easier to manage and less likely to go wrong.Attacking fundamental problems - anything that does not add value to the product."Waste" is taken in its most general sense and includes time and resources as well as materials. It has now come to mean producing with minimum waste. It originally referred to the production of goods to meet customer demand exactly, in time, quality and quantity, whether the `customer' is the final purchaser of the product or another process further along the production line. `Just-in-time' is a management philosophy and not a technique.
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